In the field of economics could highlight three these models to evaluate information and arguments that are opposed to the schemes existing political economy. Thesis work we derive Albert Hirschman around what he calls rhetorical intransigence. Explain this author: (1) the perversity thesis, which holds that any deliberate action to improve some aspect of political, social or economic order only serves to exacerbate the situation to be remedied; (2) the futility thesis which states that attempts to carry out social reforms will be zero or limited in scope; (3) the theory of risk, ensuring that the political and social costs of the proposed reforms is considerably high and jeopardize what has been achieved. An applied research from studies of argumentation can describe how these rhetorical enroll in specific cases, to show two things: first, what were the predominant communication techniques in the economic environment over a historical period and why some groups are reported as abnormally.
