As online course offerings become increasingly prevalent in institutions of higher learning, online assessments offer several key advantages, including reduced administrative costs, the ability to use a variety of multimedia resources, and faster results. To reduce the potential for academic dishonesty in online assessments, various proctoring solutions exist,though their effectiveness has not been studied in depth. Using randomized controlled trials, thispaper analyzes the role of human proctors used in online assessments, a preventative measure used in testing centers and classroom settings where students complete assessments online but under supervision. Moreover, we study the effect of self-reported test anxiety on exam scores, which can be heightened in the presence of a proctor, creating a negative effect on student performance. Our analysis also investigates the effect of proctoring and anxiety by gender andgrade point average to further explore the impact that proctoring has on student performance
