In the case of a medical emergency, a failure to provide timely care could have serious health consequences and even cause death. When the waiting time increases, the patient perceives the loss of well-being associated with the lack of primary care. Considering the willingness to pay (WTP) for avoiding human suffering in the context of emergency medical services (EMS) within the impact assessment of prehospital care is a relatively new research topic. This paper evaluates, through discrete choice models, the WTP for avoiding the externality associated with the human suffering experienced by the patient who does not receive immediate attention in a medical emergency.
