The first objective of this chapter is to present a detailed description of the procedures used to construct the interregional input–output system for Colombia with 2015 data. This tool facilitates analyzing the interrelationships among departments of the country concerning trade flows. The chapter details the methodological procedures adopted to generate the interregional system and the database used by other researchers and practitioners. Different applications are discussed in Part III of this volume, identifying structural features of Colombia’s regional economies. In this chapter, the authors also present illustrative analyses using different indicators from the estimated database, revealing some of the main structural features of the economy of Colombia.